Hair waving



Patented Nov. 4, 1930 PATENT OFFICE V ros'rnn. DEE SNELL, or Eaooxmm,NEW YoEx HAIR WAVIN G 3 Ho Drawing.

This invention relates to hair waving; and it comprises a method ofcurling or waving hair artlcularly applicable in croquinole waving,

ut useful elsewhere, wherein the hair is wet.-

5 ted or soaked with a solution of an alkaline carbonate, usually sodiumcarbonate, is then wrapped around the usual curling rod and is treatedwith ammonia, heating in the usual Way then following; all as more fullyhereinafter set forth and as claimed. 1

In the hair waving art it is a known expedient to curl hair around acurlin rod, apL- ly ammonia with the aid of a pa and then lieat. Thisoperation produces what is usually called an ammonia wave; a wavesatisfactory in many respects but open to improvement. Another knownexpedient in the art is to wet hair with a sodium carbonate solution,curl it and insert the curl in a heater. Sometimes the sodium carbonateis used in a pad. It is found by experience that this sodium carbonatewave is not as good asthe ammonia wave although it has some merit.

Whatever the alkaline treatment employed,

it is a diflicult matter to produce certain types of wave andparticularly the croquinole wave; it is diflicult to secure evenpenetration and even action in the different layers of hair in a curl inplace on a curling rod. In making the croquinole wave, a lock of hair iswound around a curling rod in concentric circles, winding beginning withthe tip of the lock and successive layers superimposed. This gives asort of corkscrew curl with the largest turn next the seal The lock isnot twisted as it is wound. n this type of curl it is not so easy tosecure uniform action as with the usual type of curl in which the lockof hair is wound in tubular form. After the hair is wound in croquinoleform, in the usual practice, ammonia or sodium carbonate is applied andthe lock heated. As stated, the results are not as satisfactory as canbe desired. The large twist on the outside of the curling rod is rarelysatisfactory.

In the present invention I use both types of alkaline treatment therebysecuring a wave in which the large twists are as satisfactory as thetight curl at the end of the lock. In a practical embodiment of myinvention 18 per cent of the alkali.

Application filed July 1, 1929. Serial no. 375,881.

the hair is first wetted or soaked with a solution of an alkalinecarbonate, usually sodium carbonate; this solution containing about Awet curl is then Wound on the curling rod or stick. In making acroquinole wave, in the winding the end of the lock is wrapped on thestick and superimposed layers made. When the curl is made I then apply apad containing or developing ammonia, afterwards heating in the usualway. In lieu of sodium carbonate I may use other forms of mild alkali,such as potassium carbonate, borax, sodium phosphate, etc. For theammonia treatment, I may use a pad soaked in ammonia solutionor a padcontaining materials developing ammonia when the pad is wetted or whenit is heated as the case may be. A croquinole wave produced as justdescribed is permanent, even and decorative, giving uniform ringlets ofgradually and uniformly decreasing size from near the scalp to the endof the curl.

As to the reasons underlying the betterment in results and secured byusing together the two types of alkaline treatment I am not sure. Icontent myself with noting the result. It is quite certain however thatthere is greater uniformity of action in so doing and particularly intight waving. Generally externally applied ammonia must travel throughseveral layers of hair. It may be that the presence of sodium carbonateopens the texture of the hair and permits better penetration oftheammonia.

The chemicals necessary in'th'e present operation may be convenientlypackaged and supplied in dry form; a pellet or the like of dry sodiumcarbonate in the amount necessary to make the solution for wetting locksof hair and a pad containing dry ammonium sulfate or chlorid togetherwith the amount of dry sodium carbonate required to react with theammonium sulfate. On. wetting, the pad liberates NH Composite pads ofthis type are described in my prior application Serial No. 307,778.

What I claim is 1. The process of waving hair which comprises wetting itwith a solution of an alkaline carbonate, wrapping the hair on a curlingrod, applying ammonia to the wrapped hair and heating.

2. The process of waving hair which comprises wetting it with a solutionof sodium carbonate, wrapping the hair on a curling rod, applying a padsoaked With ammonia around the wrapped hair, and heating.

3. The process of waving hair which comprises wetting it with a solutionof sodium carbonate of not over 18 per cent, then wrapping the hair on acurling rod, applying ammonia to the wrapped hair and heating.

4. In the making of a croquinole wave, the

process which comprises wetting hair with a solution of an alkalinecarbonate, wrapping a lock of the wet hair around a rod starting at thetip of the lock and Wrapping in superimposed layers, applying ammonia tothe hair so Wrapped, and heating.

5. In the making of a croquinole wave, the process which comprisesWetting hair with a solution of sodium carbonate, wrapping a lock of wethair around a rod, starting at the tip of the lock and wrapping insuperimposed layers, applying ammonia to the ha1r so wrapped andheating.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature.

FOSTER DEE SNELL.

